List of popes

From Christianity Knowledge Base

For a graphical representation of this list, see list of popes (graphical).

While the term "Pope" (Latin: papa "father'") is used in several churches to denote their high spiritual leaders, this title in English usage generally refers to the supreme earthly head of the Roman Catholic Church. The title itself has been used officially by the head of the Roman Catholic Church since the tenure of Pope Siricius.

Hermannus Contractus may have been the first historian to number the popes continuously. His list ends in 1049 with Pope Leo IX as the number 154. On that basis, the current Pope Benedict XVI would be the 267th pope.

There is no official list of popes, but the Annuario Pontificio, published every year by the Vatican, contains a list that is generally considered to be the most authoritative. Its list is the one given here. The Annuario Pontificio's list gives Benedict XVI as the 265th pope.

Several changes have been made in the list during the 20th century. Antipope Christopher was considered legitimate for a long time. Pope-elect Stephen was considered legitimate under the name Stephen II until the 1961 edition and erased then. Although these changes are no longer controversial, a number of modern lists still include this "first Pope Stephen II". It is probable that this is because they are based on the 1913 edition of the Catholic Encyclopaedia, which is in the public domain.

Episcopus Romanus means Bishop of Rome.

Contents 1 List of popes 1.1 From 30 to 249 1.2 From 250 to 499 1.3 From 500 to 749 1.4 From 750 to 999 1.5 From 1000 to 1249 1.6 From 1254 to 1492 1.7 From 1503 to 1740 1.8 From 1758 to 2005 1.9 From 2005 2 Notes on numbering of popes 3 See also 4 References 5 External links

[edit] List of popes

[edit] From 30 to 249

Pontificate	Common English name	Regnal (Latin) name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
30 to 67	Peter Saint Peter	Petrus, Head of the Church	Simon Peter שמעון בן יונה (Shimon ben Yona) Shimon Kipha CΙΜΗΟΝ ΚΗΦΑC (Simeon Kephas - Simon the Rock)	Bethsaida, Galilea	Disciple of Jesus from whom he received the keys to the Kingdom of Heaven, according to Matthew 16:18-19.
post42/ante57 to 64/67(?)		Petrus, Episcopus Romanus			Executed by crucifixion upside-down; feast day (Feast of Saints Peter and Paul) June 29, (Chair of Peter) 22 February
64/67(?) to 76/79(?)	Linus Saint Linus	Linus, Episcopus Romanus	Linus	Tuscia (Northern Latium)	Traditionally martyred (no evidence); Feast day September 23
76/79(?) to 88	Anacletus (Cletus) Saint Anacletus	Anacletus, Episcopus Romanus	Anacletus	Probably Greece	Martyred; feast day April 26
88/92 to 97/101	Clement I Saint Clement	Clemens, Episcopus Romanus		Rome	Martyred; feast day November 23
97/99 to 105/107	Evaristus (Aristus) Saint Evaristus	Evaristus, Episcopus Romanus	Aristus		Traditionally martyred (no evidence); feast day October 26
105/107 to 115/116	Alexander I Saint Alexander	Alexander, Episcopus Romanus	Alexander	Rome
115/116 to 125	Sixtus I Saint Sixtus	Xystus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome or Greece
125 to 136/138	Telesphorus Saint Telesphorus	Telesphorus, Episcopus Romanus		Greece
136/138 to 140/142	Hyginus Saint Hyginus	Hyginus, Episcopus Romanus		Greece	Traditionally martyred (no evidence); feast day January 11
140/142 to 155	Pius I Saint Pius	Pius, Episcopus Romanus		Aquileia, Friuli, Italy	Martyred by sword; feast day July 11
155 to 166	Anicetus Saint Anicetus	Anicetus, Episcopus Romanus		Emesa, Syria	Traditionally martyred (no evidence); feast day April 17
c.166 to 174/175	Soter Saint Soter	Soterius, Episcopus Romanus		Fondi, Latium, Italy	Traditionally martyred; feast day April 22
174/175 to 189	Eleuterus Saint Eleutherus	Eleutherius, Episcopus Romanus		Nicopoli, Epyrus	Traditionally martyred; feast day May 6
189 to 198/199	Victor I Saint Victor	Victor, Episcopus Romanus		Northern Africa
199 to 217	Zephyrinus Saint Zephyrin	Zephyrinus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
c.217 to 222/223	Callixtus I Saint Callixtus	Callistus, Episcopus Romanus			Martyred; feast day October 14
222/223 to 230	Urban I Saint Urban	Urbanus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
21 July 230 to September 28 235	Pontian Saint Pontian	Pontianus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
235 to January 3 236	Anterus Saint Anterus	Anterus, Episcopus Romanus		Greece
January 10 236 to January 20 250	Fabian Saint Fabian	Fabianus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome

[edit] From 250 to 499

Pontificate	Common English name	Regnal name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
March/April 251 to June 253	Cornelius Saint Cornelius	Cornelius, Episcopus Romanus			Died a martyr, through extreme hardship; feast day September 16
June 25 253 to March 5 254	Lucius I Saint Lucius	Lucius, Episcopus Romanus		Rome	Feast day March 4
May 12 254 to August 2 257	Stephen I Saint Stephen	Stephanus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome	Martyred by beheading; feast day August 2
30/August 31 257 to August 6 258	Sixtus II Saint Sixtus II	Xystus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus		Greece	Martyred by beheading
July 22 259 to December 26 268	Dionysius Saint Dionysius	Dionysius, Episcopus Romanus		Greece	Feast day December 26
January 5 269 to December 30 274	Felix I Saint Felix	Felix, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
January 4 275 to December 283	Eutychian Saint Eutychian	Eutychianus, Episcopus Romanus
December 17 283 to April 22 296	Caius Saint Caius	Caius, Episcopus Romanus
296 to 304	Marcellinus Saint Marcellinus	Marcellinus, Episcopus Romanus
308 to 309	Marcellus I Saint Marcellus	Marcellus, Episcopus Romanus
c.309 to c.310	Eusebius Saint Eusebius	Eusebius, Episcopus Romanus
July 2 311 to January 11 314	Miltiades Melchiades Saint Miltiades	Miltiades, Episcopus Romanus		Africa	First pope after the end of the persecution of Christians through the Edict of Milan (313 AD) issued by Constantine the Great
January 31 314 to December 31 335	Sylvester I Saint Sylvester	Silvester, Episcopus Romanus
January 18 336 to October 7 336	Mark Saint Mark	Marcus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome	Feast day October 7
February 6 337 to April 12 352	Julius I Saint Julius	Iulius, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
May 17 352 to September 24 366	Liberius	Liberius, Episcopus Romanus			Earliest Pope not yet canonized
October 1 366 to December 11 384	Damasus I Saint Damasus	Damasus, Episcopus Romanus		Guimarães
December 11 384 to November 26 399	Siricius Saint Siricius	Papa Siricius, Episcopus Romanus			First to employ the title "Papa" ("Pope")
November 27 399 to December 19 401	Anastasius I Saint Anastasius	Papa Anastasius, Episcopus Romanus
December 22 401 to March 12 417	Innocent I Saint Innocent	Papa Innocentius, Episcopus Romanus
March 18 417 to December 26 418	Zosimus Saint Zosimus	Papa Zosimus, Episcopus Romanus
28/December 29 418 to September 4 422	Boniface I Saint Boniface	Papa Bonifacius, Episcopus Romanus
September 10 422 to July 27 432	Celestine I Saint Celestine	Papa Coelestinus, Episcopus Romanus
July 31 432 to March/August 440	Sixtus III Saint Sixtus	Papa Xystus Tertius, Episcopus Romanus
September 29 440 to November 10 461	Leo I Saint Leo Leo the Great	Papa Leo Magnus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome	Convinced Attila the Hun to turn back his invasion of Italy
November 19 461 to February 29 468	Hilarius Saint Hilarius	Papa Hilarius, Episcopus Romanus
March 3 468 to March 10 483	Simplicius Saint Simplicius	Papa Simplicius, Episcopus Romanus		Tivoli, Italy
March 13 483 to March 1 492	Felix III Saint Felix	Papa Felix Tertius, Episcopus Romanus		Rome	Sometimes called Felix II
March 1 492 to November 21 496	Gelasius I Saint Gelasius	Papa Gelasius, Episcopus Romanus		Africa
November 24 496 to November 19 498	Anastasius II	Papa Anastasius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus
November 22 498 to July 19 514	Symmachus Saint Symmachus	Papa Symmachus, Episcopus Romanus		Sardinia

[edit] From 500 to 749

Pontificate	Common English name	Regnal name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
July 20 514 to July 19 523	Hormisdas Saint Hormisdas	Papa Hormisdus, Episcopus Romanus		Frosinone, Southern Latium, Italy	Father of Pope Silverius
August 13 523 to May 18 526	John I Saint John	Papa Ioannes, Episcopus Romanus		Tuscany
July 13 526 to September 22 530	Felix IV Saint Felix	Papa Felix Quartus, Episcopus Romanus		Samnium	Sometimes called Felix III
September 22 530 to October 17 532	Boniface II	Papa Bonifacius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome to Ostrogoth parents
January 2 533 to May 8 535	John II	Papa Ioannes Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Mercurius	Rome	First pope to not use personal name. This was due to Mercury being a Roman god.
May 13 535 to April 22 536	Agapetus I Agapitus Saint Agapetus	Papa Agapetus, Episcopus Romanus			Feast days April 22, September 20
June 1 536 to November 11 537	Silverius Saint Silverius	Papa Silverius, Episcopus Romanus			Exiled; feast day June 20, son of Pope Hormisdas
March 29 537 to June 7 555	Vigilius	Papa Vigilius, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
April 16 556 to March 4 561	Pelagius I	Papa Pelagius, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
July 17 561 to July 13 574	John III	Papa Ioannes Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Catelinus
June 2 575 to July 30 579	Benedict I	Papa Benedictus, Episcopus Romanus
November 26 579 to February 7 590	Pelagius II	Papa Pelagius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
September 3 590 to March 12 604	Gregory I, O.S.B. Saint Gregory Gregory the Great	Papa Gregorius Magnus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome	First to formally employ the titles "Servus servorum Dei" and "Pontifex Maximus"
September 13 604 to February 22 606	Sabinian Saint Sabinian	Papa Sabinianus, Episcopus Romanus		Blera
February 19 607 to November 12 607	Boniface III	Papa Bonifacius Tertius, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
August 25 608 to May 8 615	Boniface IV, O.S.B. Saint Boniface	Papa Bonifacius Quartus, Episcopus Romanus		Marsi	First Pope to bear the same name as his predecessor
October 19 615 to November 8 618	Adeodatus I	Papa Adeodatus, or Papa Deusdedit Episcopus Romanus		Rome	Sometimes called Deusdedit, and then Pope Adeodatus II is called Pope Adeodatus without a number
December 23 619 to October 25 625	Boniface V	Papa Bonifacius Quintus, Episcopus Romanus		Naples
October 27 625 to October 12 638	Honorius I	Papa Honorius, Episcopus Romanus
October 638 to August 2 640	Severinus	Papa Severinus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
December 24 640 to October 12 642	John IV	Papa Ioannes Quartus, Episcopus Romanus		Zadar, Dalmatia, now Croatia
November 24 642 to May 14 649	Theodore I	Papa Theodorus, Episcopus Romanus		Palestine
July 649 to September 16 655	Martin I Saint Martin	Papa Martinus, Episcopus Romanus			Feast Day November 12
August 10 654 to June 2 657	Eugene I Saint Eugene	Papa Eugenius, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
July 30 657 to January 27 672	Vitalian Saint Vitalian	Papa Vitalianus, Episcopus Romanus
April 11 672 to June 17 676	Adeodatus II, O.S.B.	Papa Adeodatus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus			Sometimes called Pope Adeodatus (without a number) when Pope Adeodatus I is called Pope Deusdedit
November 2 676 to April 11 678	Donus	Papa Donus, Episcopus Romanus
June 27 678 to January 10 681	Agatho Saint Agatho	Papa Agatho, Episcopus Romanus		Sicily
December 681 to July 3 683	Leo II Saint Leo	Papa Leo Secundus, Episcopus Romanus		Sicily	Feast day July 3
683/June 26 684 to May 8 685	Benedict II Saint Benedict	Papa Benedictus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus			Feast day May 7
July 12 685 to August 2 686	John V	Papa Ioannes Quintus, Episcopus Romanus		Syria
October 21 686 to September 22 687	Conon	Papa Conon, Episcopus Romanus
December 15 687 to September 8 701	Sergius I Saint Sergius	Papa Sergius, Episcopus Romanus		Sicily
October 30 701 to January 11 705	John VI	Papa Ioannes Sextus, Episcopus Romanus		Greece
March 1 705 to October 18 707	John VII	Papa Ioannes Septumus, Episcopus Romanus		Greece	Second Pope to bear the same name as his predecessor
January 15 708 to February 4 708	Sisinnius	Papa Sisinnius, Episcopus Romanus		Syria
March 25 708 to April 9 715	Constantine	Papa Constantinus, Episcopus Romanus		Syria
May 19 715 to February 11 731	Gregory II Saint Gregory	Papa Gregorius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus			Feast day February 11
March 18 731 to November 28 741	Gregory III	Papa Gregorius Tertius, Episcopus Romanus		Syria	Third Pope to bear the same name as his predecessor
December 3 741 to March 14/March 22 752	Zachary Saint Zachary	Papa Zacharias, Episcopus Romanus		Greece	Feast day March 15

[edit] From 750 to 999

Pontificate	Common English name	Regnal name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
March 23 752 to March 25 752 Never took office as Pope.	(Pope-Elect Stephen)	Stephanus			Sometimes known as Stephen II. Died three days after his election and was never consecrated into the office of Pope as such debate remains over if he was Pope or not. The Vatican sanctioned his addition to the list of Popes in the sixteenth century, however he was removed in 1961. As such he is not considered a Pope by the Catholic Church.
March 26 752 to April 26 757	Stephen II	Papa Stephanus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus			Sometimes called Stephen III
May 29 757 to June 28 767	Paul I Saint Paul	Papa Paulus, Episcopus Romanus
August 1 767 to January 24 772	Stephen III	Papa Stephanus Tertius, Episcopus Romanus			Sometimes called Stephen IV
February 1 772 to December 26 795	Adrian I	Papa Hadrianus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
December 26 795 to June 12 816	Leo III	Papa Leo Tertius, Episcopus Romanus
June 12 816 to January 24 817	Stephen IV	Papa Stephanus Quartus, Episcopus Romanus			Sometimes called Stephen V
January 25 817 to February 11 824	Paschal I Saint Paschal	Papa Paschalis, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
May 8 824 to August 827	Eugene II	Papa Eugenius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
August 827 to September 827	Valentine	Papa Valentinus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
827 to January 844	Gregory IV	Papa Gregorius Quartus, Episcopus Romanus
January 844 to January 7 847	Sergius II	Papa Sergius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
January 847 to July 17 855	Leo IV, O.S.B. Saint Leo	Papa Leo Quartus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
855 to April 7 858	Benedict III	Papa Benedictus Tertius, Episcopus Romanus
April 24 858 to November 13 867	Nicholas I Saint Nicholas Nicholas the Great	Papa Nicolaus Magnus Episcopus Romanus
December 14 867 to December 14 872	Adrian II	Papa Hadrianus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
December 14 872 to December 16 882	John VIII	Papa Ioannes Octavus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
December 16 882 to May 15 884	Marinus I	Papa Marinus, Episcopus Romanus
May 17 884 to c.September 885	Adrian III Saint Adrian	Papa Hadrianus Tertius, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
885 to September 14 891	Stephen V	Papa Stephanus Quintus, Episcopus Romanus			Sometimes called Stephen VI
September 19 891 to April 4 896	Formosus	Papa Formosus, Episcopus Romanus		Ostia	Posthumously ritually executed following the Cadaver Synod
April 4 896 to April 19 896	Boniface VI	Papa Bonifacius Sextus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
May 22 896 to August 897	Stephen VI	Papa Stephanus Sextus, Episcopus Romanus			Sometimes called Stephen VII
August 897 to November 897	Romanus	Papa Romanus, Episcopus Romanus
December 897	Theodore II	Papa Theodorus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus
January 898 to January 900	John IX, O.S.B.	Papa Ioannes Nonus, Episcopus Romanus
900 to 903	Benedict IV	Papa Benedictus Quartus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
July 903 to September 903	Leo V	Papa Leo Quintus, Episcopus Romanus		Ardea
January 29 904 to April 14 911	Sergius III	Papa Sergius Tertius, Episcopus Romanus		Rome	"Pornocracy" begins
April 911 to June 913	Anastasius III	Papa Anastasius Tertius, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
July/August 913 to February/March 914	Lando	Papa Lando, Episcopus Romanus		Sabina, Italy
March 914 to May 928	John X	Papa Ioannes Decimus, Episcopus Romanus
May 928 to December 928	Leo VI	Papa Leo Sextus, Episcopus Romanus
December 928 to February 931	Stephen VII	Papa Stephanus Septimus, Episcopus Romanus			Sometimes called Stephen VIII
February/March 931 to December 935	John XI	Papa Ioannes Undecimus, Episcopus Romanus
January 3 936 to July 13 939	Leo VII, O.S.B.	Papa Leo Septimus, Episcopus Romanus
July 14 939 to October 942	Stephen VIII	Papa Stephanus Octavus, Episcopus Romanus			Sometimes called Stephen IX
October 30 942 to May 946	Marinus II	Papa Marinus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus
May 10 946 to December 955	Agapetus II	Papa Agapetus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus
December 16 955 to May 14 964	John XII	Papa Ioannes Duodecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Octavian		Deposed in 963 by Emperor Otto invalidly; end of the "Pornocracy"
May 22 964 to June 23 964	Benedict V	Papa Benedictus Quintus, Episcopus Romanus			Elected after John XII's death by the people of Rome, in opposition to the Antipope Leo VIII who was appointed by Emperor Otto; Benedict accepted his deposition in 964 leaving Leo as sole pope.
July 964 to March 1 965	Leo VIII	Papa Leo Octavus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome	Appointed antipope by Emperor Otto in 963 in opposition to John XII and Benedict V. He became the true Pope after Benedict V was deposed
October 1 965 to September 6 972	John XIII	Papa Ioannes Tertius Decimus, Episcopus Romanus
January 19 973 to June 974	Benedict VI	Papa Benedictus Sextus, Episcopus Romanus			Deposed and murdered
October 974 to July 10 983	Benedict VII	Papa Benedictus Septimus, Episcopus Romanus
December 983 to August 20 984	John XIV	Papa Ioannes Quartus Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Pietro Campanora	Pavia
August 985 to March 996	John XV	Papa Ioannes Quintus Decimus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
May 3 996 to February 18 999	Gregory V	Papa Gregorius Quintus, Episcopus Romanus	Bruno of Carinthia		First German Pope
April 2 999 to May 12 1003	Sylvester II	Papa Silvester Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Gerbert d'Aurillac	Auvergne region of France	First French Pope

[edit] From 1000 to 1249

Pontificate	Common English name	Regnal name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
June 1003 to December 1003	John XVII	Papa Ioannes Septimus Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Siccone	Rome
December 25 1003 to July 1009	John XVIII	Papa Ioannes Duodevicesimus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Fasano; Phasianus	Rome
July 31 1009 to May 12 1012	Sergius IV	Papa Sergius Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Pietro Boccapecora	Rome
May 18 1012 to April 9 1024	Benedict VIII	Papa Benedictus Octavus, Episcopus Romanus	Theophylactus II, Conti di Tusculum	Rome
April/May 1024 to October 20 1032	John XIX	Papa Ioannes Undevicesimus, Episcopus Romanus	Romanus, Conti di Tusculum	Rome
1032 to 1044	Benedict IX	Papa Benedictus Nonus, Episcopus Romanus	Theophylactus III, Conti di Tusculum	Rome	1st Term; abdicated for financial reward
1045	Sylvester III	Papa Silvester Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	John, Bishop of Sabina	Rome	Validity of election questioned; considered Anti-Pope; deposed at the Council of Sutri.
1045 to 1046	Benedict IX	Papa Benedictus Nonus, Episcopus Romanus	Theophylactus III, Conti di Tusculum	Rome	2nd Term; deposed at the Council of Sutri
April/May 1045 to December 20 1046	Gregory VI	Papa Gregorius Sextus, Episcopus Romanus	Johannes Gratianus		Deposed at the Council of Sutri
December 24 1046 to October 9 1047	Clement II	Papa Clemens Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Suidger	Saxony
November 1047 to 1048	Benedict IX	Papa Benedictus Nonus, Episcopus Romanus	Theophylactus III, Conti di Tusculum		3rd Term; deposed and excommunicated
July 17 1048 to August 9 1048	Damasus II	Papa Damasus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Poppo	Tirol
February 12 1049 to April 19 1054	Leo IX Saint Leo	Papa Leo Nonus, Episcopus Romanus	Bruno, Count of Dagsbourg	Alsace
April 13 1055 to July 28 1057	Victor II	Papa Victor Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Gebhard, Count of Calw, Tollenstein, and Hirschberg	Germany
August 2 1057 to March 29 1058	Stephen IX, O.S.B.	Papa Stephanus Nonus, Episcopus Romanus	Frederic de Lorraine; Frederick of Lorraine		Sometimes called Stephen X
December 6 1058 to July 27 1061	Nicholas II	Papa Nicolaus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Gérard de Bourgogne; Gerard of Burgundy
September 30 1061 to April 21 1073	Alexander II	Papa Alexander Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Anselmo da Baggio	Baggio, Milan, Italy
April 22 1073 to May 25 1085	Gregory VII, O.S.B. Saint Gregory	Papa Gregorius Septimus, Episcopus Romanus	Hildebrand	Soana, Tuscany, Italy	Restricted the use of title "Papa" to the Bishop of Rome
May 24 1086 to September 16 1087	Victor III, O.S.B. Blessed Victor	Papa Victor Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Desiderio; Desiderius; Dauferius	Southern Italy
March 12 1088 to July 29 1099	Urban II, O.S.B. Blessed Urban	Papa Urbanus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Odo of Lagery	France	Started the First Crusade
August 13 1099 to January 21 1118	Paschal II, O.Cist.	Papa Paschalis Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Raniero	Romagna, Italy
January 24 1118 to January 28 1119	Gelasius II, O.S.B.	Papa Gelasius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Coniulo	Gaeta, Latium, Italy
February 2 1119 to December 13 1124	Callixtus II	Papa Callistus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Guido, Comte de Bourgogne	France	Opened the First Council of the Lateran in 1123
December 15 1124 to February 13 1130	Honorius II	Papa Honorius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Lamberto Scannabecchi	Imola, Romagna, Italy
February 14 1130 to September 24 1143	Innocent II	Papa Innocentius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Gregorio Papareschi	Rome, Italy	Convened the Second Council of the Lateran, 1139
September 26 1143 to March 8 1144	Celestine II	Papa Coelestinus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Guido	Città di Castello, Umbria, Italy
March 12 1144 to March 15 1145	Lucius II	Papa Lucius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Gerardo Caccianemici dal Orso	Bologna, Italy
February 15 1145 to July 8 1153	Eugene III, O.Cist. Blessed Eugene	Papa Eugenius Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Bernardo Pignatelli	Pisa, Tuscany, Italy
July 8 1153 to December 3 1154	Anastasius IV	Papa Anastasius Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Corrado	Rome
December 4 1154 to September 1 1159	Adrian IV, O.S.A.	Papa Hadrianus Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Nicholas Breakspear	England	Only English pope; granted Ireland to Henry II, King of England
September 7 1159 to August 30 1181	Alexander III	Papa Alexander Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Rolando Bandinelli	Siena, Tuscany, Italy	Convened the Third Council of the Lateran, 1179
September 1181 to November 25 1185	Lucius III	Papa Lucius Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Ubaldo Allucingoli	Lucca, Tuscany, Italy
November 25 1185 to October 19 1187	Urban III	Papa Urbanus Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Uberto Crivelli	Milan, Italy
October 21 1187 to December 17 1187	Gregory VIII	Papa Gregorius Octavus, Episcopus Romanus	Alberto di Morra	Benevento, Campania, Italy	Proposed the Third Crusade
December 19 1187 to March 27 1191	Clement III	Papa Clemens Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Paulino Scolari	Rome
March 30 1191 to January 8 1198	Celestine III	Papa Coelestinus Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Giacinto Bobone	Rome
January 8 1198 to July 16 1216	Innocent III	Papa Innocentius Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Lothario dei Conti di Segni	Gavignano, Latium, Italy	Convened the Fourth Council of the Lateran, 1215
July 18 1216 to March 18 1227	Honorius III	Papa Honorius Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Cencio Savelli	Rome
March 19 1227 to August 22 1241	Gregory IX	Papa Gregorius Nonus, Episcopus Romanus	Ugolino dei Conti di Segni	Anagni, Latium, Italy
October 25 1241 to November 10 1241	Celestine IV, O.S.B.	Papa Coelestinus Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Goffredo Castiglioni	Milan, Italy
June 25 1243 to December 7 1254	Innocent IV	Papa Innocentius Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Sinibaldo Fieschi	Genoa, Italy	Convened the First Council of Lyons, 1245

[edit] From 1254 to 1492

Pontificate	Common English name	Regnal name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
December 12 1254 to May 25 1261	Alexander IV	Papa Alexander Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Rinaldo dei Conti di Segni; Rinaldo Conti	Anagni, Italy
August 29 1261 to October 2 1264	Urban IV	Papa Urbanus Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Jacques Pantaléon	Troyes, France
February 5 1265 to November 29 1268	Clement IV	Papa Clemens Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Gui Faucoi le Gros (angl: Guy Foulques the Fat)	Saint-Gilles, France
November 29 1268 to September 1 1271		interregnum
September 1 1271 to January 10 1276	Gregory X, O.Cist. Blessed Gregory	Papa Gregorius Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Tebaldo Visconti	Piacenza, Italy	Convened the Second Council of Lyons, 1274
January 21 1276 to June 22 1276	Innocent V, O.P. Blessed Innocent	Papa Innocentius Quintus, Episcopus Romanus	Pierre de Tarentaise	Savoy, France
July 11 1276 to August 18 1276	Adrian V	Papa Hadrianus Quintus, Episcopus Romanus	Ottobuono Fieschi	Genoa, Italy
September 8 1276 to May 20 1277	John XXI	Papa Ioannes Vicesimus Primus, Episcopus Romanus	Pedro Hispano	Lisbon, Portugal	Killed in the collapse of his scientific laboratory; the first Portuguese pope
November 25 1277 to August 22 1280	Nicholas III, O.S.B.	Papa Nicolaus Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Gaetano Orsini	Rome, Italy
February 22 1281 to March 28 1285	Martin IV	Papa Martinus Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Simon de Brion; Simon de Brie	Touraine, France
April 2 1285 to April 3 1287	Honorius IV	Papa Honorius Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Giacomo Savelli	Rome, Italy
February 22 1288 to April 4 1292	Nicholas IV, O.F.M.	Papa Nicolaus Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Girolamo Masci	Ascoli, Italy
April 4 1292 to July 5 1294		interregnum
July 5 1294 to December 13 1294	Celestine V, O.S.B. Saint Celestine	Papa Coelestinus Quintus, Episcopus Romanus	Pietro da Morrone	Moline, Italy	One of only two popes who abdicated
December 24 1294 to October 11 1303	Boniface VIII	Papa Bonifacius Octavus, Episcopus Romanus	Benedetto Caetani	Anagni, Italy
October 22 1303 to July 7 1304	Benedict XI, O.P. Blessed Bendedict	Papa Benedictus Undecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Niccolò Boccasini	Treviso, Italy	Convened the Council of Vienne, 1311-1312
June 5 1305 to April 20 1314	Clement V	Papa Clemens Quintus, Episcopus Romanus	Bertrand de Got	Bordeaux, France	Pope at Avignon. Suppressed the Knights Templar at the Council of Vienne.
April 20 1314 to August 7 1316		interregnum
August 7 1316 to December 4 1334	John XXII	Papa Ioannes Vicesimus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Jacques d'Euse; Jacques Duèse	Cahors, France	Pope at Avignon
December 20 1334 to April 25 1342	Benedict XII, O.Cist.	Papa Benedictus Duodecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Jacques Fournier	Saverdun, France	Pope at Avignon
May 7 1342 to December 6 1352	Clement VI	Papa Clemens Sextus, Episcopus Romanus	Pierre Roger	Limoges, France	Pope at Avignon
December 18 1352 to September 12 1362	Innocent VI	Papa Innocentius Sextus, Episcopus Romanus	Étienne Aubert; Stephen Aubert	Beyssac, France	Pope at Avignon
September 28 1362 to December 19 1370	Urban V, O.S.B. Blessed Urban	Papa Urbanus Quintus, Episcopus	Guillaume Grimoard; Guillaume de Grimoard	Languedoc, France	Pope at Avignon
December 30 1370 to March 26 1378	Gregory XI	Papa Gregorius Undecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Pierre Roger de Beaufort	Limoges, France	Pope at Avignon; returns to Rome
April 8 1378 to October 15 1389	Urban VI	Papa Urbanus Sextus, Episcopus Romanus	Bartolomeo Prignano	Naples, Italy	Western Schism
November 2 1389 to October 1 1404	Boniface IX	Papa Bonifacius Nonus, Episcopus Romanus	Pietro Tomacelli	Naples, Italy	Western Schism
October 17 1404 to November 6 1406	Innocent VII	Papa Innocentius Septimus, Episcopus Romanus	Cosimo Gentile Migliorati	Abruzzi, Italy	Western Schism
November 30 1406 to July 4 1415	Gregory XII	Papa Gregorius Duodecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Angelo Correr	Venice, Italy	Western Schism; abdicated during the Council of Constance, which had been called by his opponent John XXIII.
July 4 1415 to November 11 1417		interregnum
November 11 1417 to February 20 1431	Martin V	Papa Martinus Quintus, Episcopus Romanus	Oddone Colonna	Rome, Italy	Convened the Council of Basel, 1431
March 3 1431 to February 23 1447	Eugene IV, O.S.A.	Papa Eugenius Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Gabriele Condulmer	Venice, Italy	crowned Sigismund emperor at Rome in 1433.
March 6 1447 to March 24 1455	Nicholas V, O.P.	Papa Nicolaus Quintus, Episcopus Romanus	Tommaso Parentucelli	Sarzana, Liguria, Italy	Held Jubilee of 1450; crowned Frederick III emperor at Rome in 1452.
April 8 1455 to August 6 1458	Callixtus III	Papa Callistus Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Alfonso de Borgia	Xàtiva, València, Spain	First Spanish Pope
August 19 1458 to August 15 1464	Pius II	Papa Pius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Enea Silvio Piccolomini	Siena, Italy
August 30 1464 to July 26 1471	Paul II	Papa Paulus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Pietro Barbo	Venice, Italy	Nephew of Eugene IV
August 9 1471 to August 12 1484	Sixtus IV, O.F.M.	Papa Xystus Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Francesco della Rovere	Savona, Italy	Member of the Franciscan Order, Commissioned the Sistine Chapel
August 29 1484 to July 25 1492	Innocent VIII	Papa Innocentius Octavus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Battista Cybo	Genoa, Italy	Appointed Tomás de Torquemada
August 11 1492 to August 18 1503	Alexander VI	Papa Alexander Sextus, Episcopus Romanus	Rodrigo de Lanzòl-Borgia	Xàtiva, València, Spain	Nephew of Callixtus III. Father to Cesare Borgia and Lucrezia Borgia. Divided the extra-European world between Spain and Portugal in 1493 by the Bull Inter caetera.

[edit] From 1503 to 1740

Pontificate	Common English name	Regnal name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
September 22 1503 to October 18 1503	Pius III	Papa Pius Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Francesco Todeschini Piccolomini	Siena, Tuscany, Italy	Nephew of Pius II
October 31 1503 to February 21 1513	Julius II, O.F.M.	Papa Iulius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Giuliano della Rovere	Albisola, Savona, Italy	Nephew of Sixtus IV; Convened the Fifth Council of the Lateran, 1512. Took effective control of the whole territory of the Papal States for the first time. Proposed plans for rebuilding of Saint Peter's Basilica
March 9 1513 to December 1 1521	Leo X	Papa Leo Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici	Florence, Italy	Son of Lorenzo the Magnificent. Excommunicated Martin Luther
January 9 1522 to September 14 1523	Adrian VI	Papa Hadrianus Sextus, Episcopus Romanus	Adriaan Floriszoon Boeyens	Utrecht, Holy Roman Empire (presently The Netherlands)	The only Dutch Pope. Last non-Italian to be elected pope until John Paul II in 1978. The tutor of Emperor Charles V
November 15 1523 to September 25 1534	Clement VII	Papa Clemens Septimus, Episcopus Romanus	Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici	Florence, Italy	Cousin of Leo X. Rome plundered by imperial troops ("Sacco di Roma"), 1527. He forbade the divorce of Henry VIII and crowned Charles V Emperor at Bologna in 1530. His niece Catherine de' Medici was married to the son of the French king.
October 13 1534 to November 10 1549	Paul III	Papa Paulus Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Alessandro Farnese	Canino, Viterbo, Italy	Opened the Council of Trent in 1545. His illegitimate son became the first Duke of Parma.
November 29 1549 to March 29 1555	Julius III	Papa Iulius Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte	Rome, Italy
April 9 1555 to April 30 or May 1555	Marcellus II	Papa Marcellus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Marcello Cervini	Montefano, Macerata, Italy	Last to use given name as regnal name
May 23 1555 to August 18 1559	Paul IV	Papa Paulus Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Pietro Carafa	Capriglia, Campania, Italy
December 26 1559 to December 9 1565	Pius IV	Papa Pius Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Angelo Medici	Milan, Italy	Reopened the Council of Trent, 1562, it concluded its proceedings in 1563
January 7 1566 to May 1 1572	Pius V, O.P. Saint Pius	Papa Pius Quintus, Episcopus Romanus	Michele Ghislieri	Bosco, Alessandria, Italy	Excommunicated Elizabeth I of England, 1570. Victory of Lepanto 1571
May 13 1572 to April 10 1585	Gregory XIII	Papa Gregorius Tertius Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Ugo Boncompagni	Bologna, Italy	Reform of the calendar 1582
April 24 1585 to August 27 1590	Sixtus V, O.F.M. Conv.	Papa Xystus Quintus, Episcopus Romanus	Felice Peretti	Grottammare, Marche, Italy
September 15 1590 to September 27 1590	Urban VII	Papa Urbanus Septimus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Battista Castagna	Rome, Italy
December 5 1590 to 15 /October 16 1591	Gregory XIV	Papa Gregorius Quartus Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Niccolò Sfondrati	Cremona, Lombardy, Italy
October 29 1591 to December 30 1591	Innocent IX	Papa Innocentius Nonus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti	Bologna, Italy
January 30 1592 to March 3 1605	Clement VIII	Papa Clemens Octavus, Episcopus Romanus	Ippolito Aldobrandini	Fano, Marche, Italy
April 1 1605 to April 27 1605	Leo XI	Papa Leo Undecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Alessandro Ottaviano de' Medici	Florence, Italy
May 16 1605 to January 28 1621	Paul V	Papa Paulus Quintus, Episcopus Romanus	Camillo Borghese	Rome, Italy
February 9 1621 to July 8 1623	Gregory XV	Papa Gregorius Quintus Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Alessandro Ludovisi	Bologna, Italy
August 6 1623 to July 29 1644	Urban VIII	Papa Urbanus Octavus, Episcopus Romanus	Maffeo Barberini	Florence, Italy	Trial against Galileo Galilei
September 15 1644 to January 7 1655	Innocent X	Papa Innocentius Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Battista Pamphilj	Rome, Italy
April 7 1655 to May 22 1667	Alexander VII	Papa Alexander Septimus, Episcopus Romanus	Fabio Chigi	Siena, Tuscany, Italy
June 20 1667 to December 9 1669	Clement IX	Papa Clemens Nonus, Episcopus Romanus	Giulio Rospigliosi	Pistoia, Tuscany, Italy
April 29 1670 to July 22 1676	Clement X	Papa Clemens Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Emilio Altieri	Rome, Italy
September 21 1676 to 11/August 12 1689	Innocent XI Blessed Innocent	Papa Innocentius Undecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Benedetto Odescalchi	Como, Lombardy, Italy
October 6 1689 to February 1 1691	Alexander VIII	Papa Alexander Octavus, Episcopus Romanus	Pietro Vito Ottoboni	Padova, Veneto, Italy
July 12 1691 to September 27 1700	Innocent XII	Papa Innocentius Duodecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Antonio Pignatelli	Spinazzola, Puglia, Italy
November 23 1700 to March 19 1721	Clement XI	Papa Clemens Undecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Francesco Albani	Urbino, Marche, Italy
May 8 1721 to March 7 1724	Innocent XIII	Papa Innocentius Tertius Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Michelangelo de ’Conti; Michael Angelo Conti	Poli, Lazio, Italy
May 29 1724 to February 21 1730	Benedict XIII, O.P.	Papa Benedictus Tertius Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Pierfrancesco Orsini	Gravina, Puglia, Italy
July 12 1730 to February 6 1740	Clement XII	Papa Clemens Duodecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Lorenzo Corsini	Florence, Italy
August 17 1740 to May 3 1758	Benedict XIV	Papa Benedictus Quartus Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Prospero Lorenzo Lambertini	Bologna, Italy

[edit] From 1758 to 2005

Pontificate	Common English name	Regnal name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
July 6 1758 to February 2 1769	Clement XIII	Papa Clemens Tertius Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Carlo della Torre Rezzonico	Venice, Veneto, Italy
May 19 1769 to September 22 1774	Clement XIV, O.F.M. Conv.	Papa Clemens Quartus Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Vincenzo Antonio Ganganelli	Sant'Arcangelo di Romagna, Italy	Suppressed the Jesuit Order.
February 15 1775 to August 29 1799	Pius VI	Papa Pius Sextus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Angelo Braschi	Cesena, Italy	Condemned the French Revolution and was expelled from the Papal States by French troops from 1798 until his death.
March 14 1800 to August 20 1823	Pius VII, O.S.B.	Papa Pius Septimus, Episcopus Romanus	Barnaba Chiaramonti	Cesena, Italy	Present at Napoleon's coronation as Emperor of the French. Temporarily expelled from the Papal States by the French between 1809 and 1814.
September 28 1823 to February 10 1829	Leo XII	Papa Leo Duodecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Annibale Sermattei della Genga	Fabriano, Marche, Italy
March 31 1829 to December 1 1830	Pius VIII	Papa Pius Octavus, Episcopus Romanus	Francesco Saverio Castiglioni	Cingoli, Marche, Italy
February 2 1831 to June 1 1846	Gregory XVI, O.S.B. Cam.	Papa Gregorius Sextus Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari	Belluno, Veneto, Italy	The last non-bishop to be elected
June 16 1846 to February 7 1878	Pius IX, O.P. Blessed Pius IX	Papa Pius Nonus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti	Senigallia, Marche, Italy	Opened First Vatican Council; lost the Papal States to Italy. Longest serving pope in history (see note on St. Peter.)
February 20 1878 to July 20 1903	Leo XIII	Papa Leo Tertius Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Gioacchino Vincenzo Raffaele Luigi Pecci	Carpineto Romano, Latium, Italy	Laid down the seeds of Catholic Social Teaching through his encyclical, Rerum Novarum (On Capital and Labor) and supported Christian Democracy as against communism; he is the third-longest reigning pope after Pius IX (reigned for 31 years) and John Paul II (reigned for 26 years)
August 4 1903 to August 20 1914	Pius X Saint Pius X	Papa Pius Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto	Riese, Treviso, Veneto, Italy	Encouraged and expanded reception of Holy Communion. Most recent pope to be canonized.
September 3 1914 to January 22 1922	Benedict XV	Papa Benedictus Quintus Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Giacomo Della Chiesa	Genoa, Italy	Credited for intervening for peace during World War I. He is remembered by Pope Benedict XVI as "prophet of peace."
February 6 1922 to February 10 1939	Pius XI	Papa Pius Undecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Achille Ambrogio Damiano Ratti	Desio, Milan, Italy	Signed the Lateran Treaty with Italy, establishing the Vatican City as a sovereign state.
March 2 1939 to October 9 1958	Pius XII Venerable Pius XII	Papa Pius Duodecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli	Rome, Italy	Invoked papal infallibility in encyclical Munificentissimus Deus.
October 28 1958 to June 3 1963	John XXIII Blessed John XXIII	Papa Ioannes Vicesimus Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli	Sotto il Monte, Bergamo, Italy	Opened Second Vatican Council; sometimes called "Good Pope John"
June 21 1963 to August 6 1978	Paul VI Servant of God Paul VI	Papa Paulus Sextus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini	Concesio, Brescia, Italy	The last pope to be crowned with the Papal Tiara. Concluded Second Vatican Council.
August 26 1978 to September 28 1978	John Paul I Servant of God John Paul I	Papa Ioannes Paulus Primus, Episcopus Romanus	Albino Luciani	Forno di Canale (now Canale d'Agordo), Veneto, Italy	First Pope to use 'the First' in regnal name. First pope with two names, for his two immediate predecessors.
October 16 1978 to April 2 2005	John Paul II Servant of God	Papa Ioannes Paulus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Karol Józef Wojtyła	Wadowice, Poland	First Polish pope and first non-Italian pope in 455 years. Canonized more saints than all predecessors. Longest serving Pope since Pius IX (1846-1878) and 2nd longest serving Pope to date (see note on St. Peter. ) Played sizable role in ending communism in Eastern Europe. He is fondly remembered as "Pope of the Youth" and as "the Pilgrim Pope" for his extensive official travel.

[edit] From 2005

Pontificate	Common English name	Regnal name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
April 19 2005 to present	Benedict XVI	Papa Benedictus Sextus Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Joseph Alois Ratzinger	Marktl am Inn, Bavaria, Germany	First German pope since Pope Adrian VI in 1523. (Although Adrian VI spoke German and was born in the Holy Roman Empire, it is in what is now Dutch territory; the previous German pope before him was Stephen IX.) Oldest to become pope since Clement XII in 1730. First modern Pope from a predominantly non-Catholic country.

[edit] Notes on numbering of popes

A number of anomalies in the list given above need further explanation:

• Felix II (356-357), Boniface VII (974, 984-985), John XVI (997-998), Benedict X (1058-1059) and Alexander V (1409-1410) are not listed because they are considered antipopes.
• The numbering of popes named Felix has been amended to omit antipope Felix II. However, most lists still call the last two Felixes Felix III and Felix IV. Additionally, there was an antipope Felix V.
• There has never been a pope John XX as a result of confusion of the numbering system in the 11th century.
• Pope-elect Stephen, who died before being consecrated, is not on the Vatican's official list of popes since 1961, but appears on lists dating from before 1960. The numbering of following popes called Stephen are nowadays given as Pope Stephen II to Pope Stephen IX, rather than Stephen III to Stephen X.
• When Simon de Brion became pope in 1281, he chose to be called Martin. At that time, Marinus I and Marinus II were mistakenly considered to be Martin II and Martin III respectively, and so, erroneously, Simon de Brion became Pope Martin IV.
• Pope Donus II, said to have reigned about 974, never existed. The belief resulted from the confusion of the title dominus (lord) with a proper name. (Pope Joan also probably never existed; however, legends about her may have originated from stories about the pornocracy.)
• The status of Antipope John XXIII was uncertain for hundreds of years, and was finally settled in 1958 when Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli announced his own name as John XXIII. Baldassare Cossa, who was Antipope John XXIII, served as a Cardinal of the reunited church before his death in 1419 and his remains are found in the Battistero di San Giovanni (Florence).

[edit] See also

• List of antipopes
• List of popes sorted alphabetically
• Liber Pontificalis
• List of sexually active popes
• List of popes by length of reign
• List of ages of popes
• Prophecy of the Popes
• List of German popes
• List of French popes
• African popes
• Links between popes
• Graphical list of popes

[edit] References

• John N.D. Kelly, The Oxford Dictionary of Popes, Oxford University Press, 1986.
• AA.VV., Enciclopedia dei Papi, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia italiana, 2000.
• Pontificia Amministrazione della Patriarcale Basilica di San Paolo, I Papi. Venti secoli di storia, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2002.

[edit] External links

• PopeChart.com
• Catholic Encyclopedia
• Giga-Catholic Information
• Popes & Anti-Popes

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